
Qualified Research Expenses (QREs)
The IRS allows several categories of Qualified Research Expenses (QREs):
Compliance and Documentation
Following the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) signed July 4, 2025, §174 now allows immediate expensing of domestic research expenses for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025. Taxpayers may also elect optional amortization under new §174A. Foreign research expenses must still be amortized over 15 years. This is separate from the §41 credit but impacts overall tax planning.
Documentation requirements remain unchanged. Maintain clear records of:
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes. Farmers and agribusinesses can qualify if they engage in systematic testing or trials that resolve technical uncertainty, not routine operations.
Wages, supplies, cloud software, and a portion of contract research directly related to qualified R&D activities.
Common row crops such as corn, wheat, soybeans, and cotton can qualify when growers test new methods or technologies.
Routine farming, post‑discovery production, and non‑technical tasks such as sales or general management.
Savings vary by farm size and scope of activities. Industry reports suggest many row crop operations see $50,000 to $200,000 in annual credits when research activities are properly documented.
Maintain side‑by‑side trial data, soil and yield records, equipment logs, and employee time allocations to support claims under IRS audit guidelines.
Next Steps
Use our calculator to estimate your potential federal and state benefits
Schedule a consultation to structure your row crop research activities
If you are innovating in agriculture, you may already be doing R&D. Let's make sure you are rewarded for it.
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Manufacturing
With just a little info, our Strike Experts can help you start your R&D tax credit journey.
The consumer packaged goods (CPGs) manufacturing industry encompasses everything from children’s toys to toiletries to laundry detergent. Industry 4.0 (I4.0) has improved manufacturing efficiencies at every point along the continuum, from supply chain to production, packaging, and distribution. CPG manufacturers are constantly innovating to increase efficiencies, and the research and development (R&D) involved in improving the manufacturing process, from design to delivery, most likely qualifies for the R&D tax credit.
Employee wages, raw materials and supplies, cloud computer rental, and third-party contractor costs associated with R&D activities are considered qualified research expenses (QREs). Companies can receive refunds of up to 22% of total QREs through federal and state tax credits, depending on the state in which your business operates.
Examples of qualifying activities:
- Optimizing process capabilities through experimentation
- Adding automation to production lines
- Developing new software or AI platforms
- Upgrading process machinery to handle new packaging materials
- Implementing novel manufacturing execution systems (MES)
- Testing new processes for improved yield or efficiency
- Designing enhanced safety protocols
Do you have these job titles on your payroll, or do you hire third-party contractors to do these jobs?
- C-Suite
- CAD Modelers
- Mechanical Engineers
- Material Scientists
- Product Managers
- QA/QC Personnel
- Research Scientists
- Software Engineers
- Systems Analysts
Use our R&D Tax Calculator to estimate your potential benefits, and partner with Strike to claim your tax benefits with no up-front costs. Contact one of our experts today.
Got questions?
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Does your state qualify for the State R&D Tax Credit?
Benefits for the R&D Tax Credit vary from state to state. Get an accurate estimate of your potential state tax credit!
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