
Qualified Research Expenses (QREs)
The IRS allows several categories of Qualified Research Expenses (QREs):
Compliance and Documentation
Following the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) signed July 4, 2025, §174 now allows immediate expensing of domestic research expenses for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025. Taxpayers may also elect optional amortization under new §174A. Foreign research expenses must still be amortized over 15 years. This is separate from the §41 credit but impacts overall tax planning.
Documentation requirements remain unchanged. Maintain clear records of:
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes. Farmers and agribusinesses can qualify if they engage in systematic testing or trials that resolve technical uncertainty, not routine operations.
Wages, supplies, cloud software, and a portion of contract research directly related to qualified R&D activities.
Common row crops such as corn, wheat, soybeans, and cotton can qualify when growers test new methods or technologies.
Routine farming, post‑discovery production, and non‑technical tasks such as sales or general management.
Savings vary by farm size and scope of activities. Industry reports suggest many row crop operations see $50,000 to $200,000 in annual credits when research activities are properly documented.
Maintain side‑by‑side trial data, soil and yield records, equipment logs, and employee time allocations to support claims under IRS audit guidelines.
Next Steps
Use our calculator to estimate your potential federal and state benefits
Schedule a consultation to structure your row crop research activities
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Alcoholic Beverages
With just a little info, our Strike Experts can help you start your R&D tax credit journey.
The spirits industry is growing increasingly competitive, and is evolving to meet new consumer preferences for exotic flavors, botanicals, and responsibly-sourced ingredients. The industry is rooted in tradition, but is also innovating in terms of processes, product, and the implementation of new technology. Companies investing in research and development (R&D) to create or innovate can offset their tax liability by claiming the R&D Tax Credit.
Employee wages, raw materials and supplies, and third-party contractor costs associated with research and development activities are considered qualified research expenses (QREs). Companies can receive refunds of up to 22% of total QREs through federal and state tax credits, depending on the state in which your company or firm operates.
Example activities that qualify:
- Improving or developing new fermentation or filtration processes
- Implementing robotics or automation to improve distillation efficiency or product quality
- Exploring secondary maturation techniques to enhance flavor (e.g. sherry or wine casks, stout beer barrels)
- Developing new or improved distillation processes
- Implementing novel recycling or waste management processes
- Producing and testing prototype batches, or optimizing methods to scale production
- Creating software to streamline production, distribution, or the on-site customer experience (tasting rooms)
Do you have these job titles on your payroll, or do you hire third-party contractors to do these jobs?
- C-Suite
- Chemists
- Distillers
- Distillery Supervisors
- Fermentation Specialists
- Microbiologists
- Process Improvement Experts
- QA / QC Personnel
- R&D Directors
Use our R&D Tax Calculator to estimate your potential benefit, and partner with Strike to claim your tax benefits with no up-front costs. Contact one of our experts today.
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Does your state qualify for the State R&D Tax Credit?
Benefits for the R&D Tax Credit vary from state to state. Get an accurate estimate of your potential state tax credit!