
Qualified Research Expenses (QREs)
The IRS allows several categories of Qualified Research Expenses (QREs):
Compliance and Documentation
Following the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) signed July 4, 2025, §174 now allows immediate expensing of domestic research expenses for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025. Taxpayers may also elect optional amortization under new §174A. Foreign research expenses must still be amortized over 15 years. This is separate from the §41 credit but impacts overall tax planning.
Documentation requirements remain unchanged. Maintain clear records of:
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes. Farmers and agribusinesses can qualify if they engage in systematic testing or trials that resolve technical uncertainty, not routine operations.
Wages, supplies, cloud software, and a portion of contract research directly related to qualified R&D activities.
Common row crops such as corn, wheat, soybeans, and cotton can qualify when growers test new methods or technologies.
Routine farming, post‑discovery production, and non‑technical tasks such as sales or general management.
Savings vary by farm size and scope of activities. Industry reports suggest many row crop operations see $50,000 to $200,000 in annual credits when research activities are properly documented.
Maintain side‑by‑side trial data, soil and yield records, equipment logs, and employee time allocations to support claims under IRS audit guidelines.
Next Steps
Use our calculator to estimate your potential federal and state benefits
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Food & Beverage
With just a little info, our Strike Experts can help you start your R&D tax credit journey.
Meat and seafood processors must rely on substantial research and development (R&D) to successfully process livestock and aquaculture. Processing plants provide the space, technology, and equipment for meatpacking. If your plant improves the efficiency of operations, implements novel food handling techniques, or designs and builds new equipment, it may be eligible to claim the R&D Tax Credit. Businesses can take advantage of federal and state tax incentives to strengthen their workforce and reinvest in continued innovation.
Employee wages, raw materials and supplies, cloud computing expenses, and third-party contractor costs associated with research and development activities are considered qualified research expenses (QREs). Companies can receive refunds of up to 22% of total QREs through federal and state tax credits, depending on the state in which your business operates.
Examples of qualifying activities:
- Developing a novel process for deboning and packaging fish
- Improving an existing meat tracking process to monitor disease outbreaks
- Designing equipment to increase efficiency or food safety on the processing floor
- Improving equipment sanitation processes to remove bacteria from surfaces
- Experimenting with new packaging solutions to improve shelf life and meat quality
- Researching and implementing environmental protection technologies for native wildlife
Do you have these job titles on your payroll, or do you hire third-party contractors to do these jobs?
- C-Suite
- Electrical Engineers
- Food Safety Managers
- Meat / Seafood Processors
- Mechanical Engineers
- Packaging Technicians
- Process Engineers
- Quality Assurance (QA) Engineers
Use our R&D Tax Calculator to estimate your potential benefit, and partner with Strike to claim your tax benefits with no up-front costs. Contact one of our experts today
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Benefits for the R&D Tax Credit vary from state to state. Get an accurate estimate of your potential state tax credit!



