
Qualified Research Expenses (QREs)
The IRS allows several categories of Qualified Research Expenses (QREs):
Compliance and Documentation
Following the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) signed July 4, 2025, §174 now allows immediate expensing of domestic research expenses for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025. Taxpayers may also elect optional amortization under new §174A. Foreign research expenses must still be amortized over 15 years. This is separate from the §41 credit but impacts overall tax planning.
Documentation requirements remain unchanged. Maintain clear records of:
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes. Farmers and agribusinesses can qualify if they engage in systematic testing or trials that resolve technical uncertainty, not routine operations.
Wages, supplies, cloud software, and a portion of contract research directly related to qualified R&D activities.
Common row crops such as corn, wheat, soybeans, and cotton can qualify when growers test new methods or technologies.
Routine farming, post‑discovery production, and non‑technical tasks such as sales or general management.
Savings vary by farm size and scope of activities. Industry reports suggest many row crop operations see $50,000 to $200,000 in annual credits when research activities are properly documented.
Maintain side‑by‑side trial data, soil and yield records, equipment logs, and employee time allocations to support claims under IRS audit guidelines.
Next Steps
Use our calculator to estimate your potential federal and state benefits
Schedule a consultation to structure your row crop research activities
If you are innovating in agriculture, you may already be doing R&D. Let's make sure you are rewarded for it.
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Medical & Pharmaceutical
With just a little info, our Strike Experts can help you start your R&D tax credit journey.
Medical device companies design products, processes, and systems to improve patient outcomes, reduce human error, and decrease recovery times. Many medical devices now incorporate sensors and software to generate, compile, and transmit diagnostic and other clinical data. Whether your medical device company is creating a new device, developing technology to enhance functionality of a current device, or pursuing other innovations, you can likely offset these costs with the R&D Tax Credit.
Employee wages, raw materials & supplies, and third-party contractor costs associated with R&D activities are considered qualified research expenses (QREs). Companies can receive refunds of up to 22% of total QREs through federal and state tax credits, depending on the state in which your business operates.
Example activities that qualify:
- Improving wearables with telemedicine/telehealth integration
- Developing new cybersecurity protocols to protect patient information
- Designing and manufacturing advanced thermal/radiofrequency ablation (RFA) systems
- Generating prototypes of products for testing and validation
- Conducting validation testing to satisfy FDA and/or other regulatory agency requirements
- Employing new materials or composites to improve the functionality or performance of an existing product
Do you have these job titles on your payroll, or do you hire third-party contractors to do these jobs?
- Biocompatibility Scientists
- C-Suite
- Cybersecurity Specialists
- Data Analysts
- Human-Centered Design Engineers
- Machine Learning Engineers
- Surgical Robotics Engineers
- Software Engineers
- Toxicology Scientists
Use our R&D Tax Calculator to estimate your potential benefit, and partner with Strike to claim your tax benefits with no up-front costs. Contact one of our experts today.
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Does your state qualify for the State R&D Tax Credit?
Benefits for the R&D Tax Credit vary from state to state. Get an accurate estimate of your potential state tax credit!



