
Qualified Research Expenses (QREs)
The IRS allows several categories of Qualified Research Expenses (QREs):
Compliance and Documentation
Following the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) signed July 4, 2025, §174 now allows immediate expensing of domestic research expenses for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025. Taxpayers may also elect optional amortization under new §174A. Foreign research expenses must still be amortized over 15 years. This is separate from the §41 credit but impacts overall tax planning.
Documentation requirements remain unchanged. Maintain clear records of:
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes. Farmers and agribusinesses can qualify if they engage in systematic testing or trials that resolve technical uncertainty, not routine operations.
Wages, supplies, cloud software, and a portion of contract research directly related to qualified R&D activities.
Common row crops such as corn, wheat, soybeans, and cotton can qualify when growers test new methods or technologies.
Routine farming, post‑discovery production, and non‑technical tasks such as sales or general management.
Savings vary by farm size and scope of activities. Industry reports suggest many row crop operations see $50,000 to $200,000 in annual credits when research activities are properly documented.
Maintain side‑by‑side trial data, soil and yield records, equipment logs, and employee time allocations to support claims under IRS audit guidelines.
Next Steps
Use our calculator to estimate your potential federal and state benefits
Schedule a consultation to structure your row crop research activities
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Aerospace & Defense
With just a little info, our Strike Experts can help you start your R&D tax credit journey.
Advances in space exploration have made it possible for companies like SpaceX, Virgin Galactic, and Blue Origin to invest in the commercialization of space. Other companies are advancing the technology needed to support these endeavors. Many companies are not aware that the federal (and state) government offers significant tax incentives to businesses investing in research and development (R&D). If your aerospace company designs small satellites or rockets, develops tracking or communications systems, or invests in any number of projects aimed at advancing the field, it may be eligible to claim the R&D Tax Credit. The tax credit can result in significant credits and refunds, allowing companies to reinvest in continued innovation.
Employee wages, raw materials and supplies, and third-party contractor costs associated with R&D activities are considered qualified research expenses (QREs). Companies can receive refunds of up to 22% of total QREs through federal and state tax credits, depending on the state in which your business operates.
Examples of qualifying activities:
- Improving the functionality of ground-to-space telemetry and automation of on-board control systems
- Designing 3D models, prototypes, or first articles
- Assessing ways to reduce production costs and increase efficiencies
- Testing vehicles to meet regulatory requirements for space missions
- Developing novel communications software
- Improving GPS or other tracking system capabilities
Do you have these job titles on your payroll, or do you hire third-party contractors to do these jobs?
- Aerospace Technicians
- Chemical Engineers
- Computer-aided Design (CAD) Engineers
- Materials Engineers
- Mechanical Engineers
- PhDs
- QA/QC Personnel
- Research Scientists
- Spacecraft Designers
Use our R&D Tax Credit Calculator to estimate your potential benefit, and partner with Strike to claim your tax benefits with no up-front costs. Contact one of our experts today.
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Benefits for the R&D Tax Credit vary from state to state. Get an accurate estimate of your potential state tax credit!