
Qualified Research Expenses (QREs)
The IRS allows several categories of Qualified Research Expenses (QREs):
Compliance and Documentation
Following the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) signed July 4, 2025, §174 now allows immediate expensing of domestic research expenses for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025. Taxpayers may also elect optional amortization under new §174A. Foreign research expenses must still be amortized over 15 years. This is separate from the §41 credit but impacts overall tax planning.
Documentation requirements remain unchanged. Maintain clear records of:
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes. Farmers and agribusinesses can qualify if they engage in systematic testing or trials that resolve technical uncertainty, not routine operations.
Wages, supplies, cloud software, and a portion of contract research directly related to qualified R&D activities.
Common row crops such as corn, wheat, soybeans, and cotton can qualify when growers test new methods or technologies.
Routine farming, post‑discovery production, and non‑technical tasks such as sales or general management.
Savings vary by farm size and scope of activities. Industry reports suggest many row crop operations see $50,000 to $200,000 in annual credits when research activities are properly documented.
Maintain side‑by‑side trial data, soil and yield records, equipment logs, and employee time allocations to support claims under IRS audit guidelines.
Next Steps
Use our calculator to estimate your potential federal and state benefits
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Food & Beverage
With just a little info, our Strike Experts can help you start your R&D tax credit journey.
The frozen food industry faces steep competition in the U.S., and companies are always searching for the next new thing. Healthier, all-natural, and organic frozen meals abound in the supermarket’s freezer section, and plant-based protein entrees are gaining in popularity. All of these advancements require investments in research and development (R&D). If your company improves frozen food and novelties, or develops innovative technology to drive consumer engagement for its products, it may be eligible to claim the R&D Tax Credit. Companies can recoup costs associated with innovation by claiming federal and state tax incentives.
Employee wages, raw materials and supplies, cloud computing expenses, and third-party contractor costs associated with research and development activities are considered qualified research expenses (QREs). Companies can receive refunds of up to 22% of total QREs through federal and state tax credits, depending on the state in which your business operates.
Examples of qualifying activities:
- Improving the taste, texture, aroma profiles, and shelf life of existing frozen foods
- Experimenting with alternative recipes/formulations and packaging technologies to increase shelf life and flavor profile retention
- Developing food-delivery apps and websites for customers to order frozen goods
- Conducting nutritional analyses to detect nutritional properties
- Inventing and developing processing equipment to improve food quality or increase production efficiency (e.g. air blast, flash, or cryogenic freezing)
Do you have these job titles on your payroll, or do you hire third-party contractors to do these jobs?
- C-Suite
- Culinary Engineers
- Developers
- Food Scientists
- Nutritionists
- Packaging Specialists
- Process Engineers
- Project Managers
- Refrigeration Specialists
Use our R&D Tax Calculator to estimate your potential benefit, and partner with Strike to claim your tax benefits with no up-front costs. Contact one of our experts today
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Benefits for the R&D Tax Credit vary from state to state. Get an accurate estimate of your potential state tax credit!



