
Qualified Research Expenses (QREs)
The IRS allows several categories of Qualified Research Expenses (QREs):
Compliance and Documentation
Following the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) signed July 4, 2025, §174 now allows immediate expensing of domestic research expenses for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2025. Taxpayers may also elect optional amortization under new §174A. Foreign research expenses must still be amortized over 15 years. This is separate from the §41 credit but impacts overall tax planning.
Documentation requirements remain unchanged. Maintain clear records of:
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes. Farmers and agribusinesses can qualify if they engage in systematic testing or trials that resolve technical uncertainty, not routine operations.
Wages, supplies, cloud software, and a portion of contract research directly related to qualified R&D activities.
Common row crops such as corn, wheat, soybeans, and cotton can qualify when growers test new methods or technologies.
Routine farming, post‑discovery production, and non‑technical tasks such as sales or general management.
Savings vary by farm size and scope of activities. Industry reports suggest many row crop operations see $50,000 to $200,000 in annual credits when research activities are properly documented.
Maintain side‑by‑side trial data, soil and yield records, equipment logs, and employee time allocations to support claims under IRS audit guidelines.
Next Steps
Use our calculator to estimate your potential federal and state benefits
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Manufacturing
With just a little info, our Strike Experts can help you start your R&D tax credit journey.
Plastic injection molding is used to create thousands of identical units for a specific purpose, and significant research and development (R&D) goes into each project. This can include designing and creating the mold, selecting materials and components, configuring production processes, and final product QA/QC. Many (if not all) of these activities qualify for the R&D tax credit. For example, the costs incurred to design and produce the molds for each project (as long as they are unique) can be qualified as supplies and count toward your R&D tax credit claim.
Employee wages, raw materials and supplies, cloud computer rental, and third-party contractor costs associated with R&D activities are considered qualified research expenses (QREs). Companies can receive refunds of up to 22% of total QREs through federal and state tax credits, depending on the state in which your business operates.
Examples of qualifying activities:
- Developing proprietary materials and composites
- Determining which materials to use for a project
- Optimizing production processes or adding automation
- Part designing
- Testing first articles and prototypes
- Designing molds
- Conducting temperature studies
- Testing injection times
- Performing quality checks and product testing
Do you have these job titles on your payroll, or do you hire third-party contractors to do these jobs?
- Computer-Assisted Design (CAD) Engineers
- Laboratory Technicians
- Polymer Scientists
- Pneumatic / Hydraulic Technicians
- Production Supervisors
- Robotics Engineers
- Rotomolding Engineers
- Tool Makers
Use our R&D Tax Calculator to estimate your potential benefits, and partner with Strike to claim your tax benefits with no up-front costs. Contact one of our experts today.
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Does your state qualify for the State R&D Tax Credit?
Benefits for the R&D Tax Credit vary from state to state. Get an accurate estimate of your potential state tax credit!